Silesia, a historic region in Central Europe, has a rich and complex past. It was once a prominent province of Prussia and later became part of Poland, the Czech Republic, and Germany. Nestled along the Oder River and surrounded by mountain ranges, its administrative centers varied over time but included cities like Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland). Silesia’s cultural identity reflects the interplay of German, Polish, Czech, and Silesian traditions, creating a unique and enduring heritage.
This page features links derived from the Online Familienbücher (OFB) website (https://ofb.genealogy.net/). To make these links more navigable and user-friendly, I have taken the liberty of reorganizing and categorizing them. For updated details and additional resources, please visit the original website directly.
| Cities, Towns, Villages, Hamlets | Historical administrative hierarchy | Locality Descriptions | Online OFB Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alt Altmannsdorf (Polish: Starczów) | Alt Altmannsdorf, Münsterberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen | Alt Altmannsdorf, now Starczów, has a history dating back to 1291. Once part of the Duchy of Schweidnitz, it became a Bohemian fiefdom in 1336 and later fell under Habsburg rule in 1526. The Prince-Bishopric of Neisse acquired it in 1416, and the Thirty Years’ War devastated the village in 1638. After the First Silesian War (1742), it joined Prussia, and following the secularization of the Kamenz Monastery in 1810, it was transferred to Princess Friederike Louise Wilhelmine. By 1939, it had 788 inhabitants, but after World War II, it was transferred to Poland, renamed Starczów, and its German population was expelled. Polish settlers, displaced by Soviet territorial changes, repopulated the area, shaping its identity today. | Local heritage book of Alt Altmannsdorf and Baitzen |
| Alt Heinrichau (Polish: Stary Henryków) | Alt Heinrichau, Münsterberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen | Alt Heinrichau, now known as Stary Henryków, is a village in Poland, located in the Ciepłowody municipality within Ząbkowice Śląskie County in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. Historically, it was part of Germany before becoming Polish territory after World War II. The village has a rich past, with its name officially changed to Stary Henryków in 1946. One of its notable landmarks is the Church of St. Martin, which dates back to the 15th–18th centuries. The church once had a clock mechanism, but its dials were removed after 1945. Today, Stary Henryków remains a small but historically significant village, with a population of 311 residents as of 2011. | Local heritage book of Alt Heinrichau, Moschwitz, Willwitz, Tarchwitz, Zinkwitz, Ober-Johnsdorf, Raatz |
| Altbatzdorf (Polish: Starków) | Altbatzdorf, Glatz, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen1 | Altbatzdorf, once part of Glatz, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen, was a village and landed estate (Dorf und Rittergut) with 326 residents in the late 19th century. It was situated within Kreis Glatz and fell under the jurisdiction of Amtsgericht Glatz. The village maintained strong Catholic traditions, with historical records connected to the Altwilmsdorf Parish. Today, Altbatzdorf is known as Starków. | Local heritage book of Altbatzdorf |
| Alt-Wiendorf (Polish: Pomorzowiczki) | Alt-Wiendorf, once part of Leobschütz, Schlesien, Preussen, was a village and landed estate (Dorf und Rittergut). Originally called Wiendorf, its name changed after Neu-Wiendorf was founded in 1776. In 1612, the estate was sold to Herr von Stitten on Pommerswitz, becoming part of the Pommerswitz estate. By 1723, the village had 7 farmers, 4 gardeners, and 17 smallholders, growing to 276 residents in 1855. The manor house, built in 1820, later became uninhabited. After World War II, the German population was expelled, and Polish settlers repopulated the area. Today, Alt-Wiendorf is known as Pomorzowiczki. | Local heritage book of Alt-Wiendorf, Amaliengrund, Karlsberg, Neu-Wiendorf and Trenkau | |
| Amaliengrund (Polish: Sławoszów) | Amaliengrund, historically part of Sławoszów, Schlesien, Preussen, was a village and landed estate (Dorf und Rittergut). It was closely associated with Karlsberg (now Dobrogostów) and other nearby settlements. The village was part of Kreis Glatz and had strong Catholic ties, with records linked to local parishes. Following World War II, the German population was expelled, and Polish settlers repopulated the area. Today, Amaliengrund is known as Sławoszów. | Local heritage book of Alt-Wiendorf, Amaliengrund, Karlsberg, Neu-Wiendorf and Trenkau | |
| Anhalt | Anhalt, historically known as Anhalt O.S. (Oberschlesien), was a German settlement in Upper Silesia, now part of Hołdunów, Poland. It was founded in 1770 by 313 Protestant refugees from Seibersdorf (now Kozy, Poland), who fled religious persecution in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Their escape was supported by Prussian cavalry, and they settled in Prussian Upper Silesia, near Lędziny. The settlement remained a Protestant enclave in a predominantly Catholic region until 1945, when the German population was expelled after World War II. Today, Hołdunów is a district of Lędziny, retaining traces of its German heritage. | Local heritage book of Anhalt (Upper Silesia) | |
| Babitz (Polish: Babice) | Babitz, historically part of Leobschütz, Schlesien, Preussen, was a village and landed estate (Dorf und Rittergut) with a population of 803 residents in the late 19th century. It belonged to Kreis Leobschütz and was under the jurisdiction of Amtsgericht Leobschütz. The village had strong Catholic ties, with records linked to local parishes. Babitz was historically associated with the Malteser-Kommende Gröbnig, a knightly order that controlled the area until 1810, when its estates were secularized. The Babitz Parish Church, originally built in 1582, was remodeled in 1790, and its parish house was considered one of the finest in Upper Silesia. During the Reformation, many residents converted to Protestantism, leading to the temporary cessation of Catholic services until 1633, when a Catholic priest was reinstated. After World War II, the German population was expelled, and Polish settlers repopulated the area. Today, Babitz is known as Babice, located in Poland’s Silesian Voivodeship. | Local heritage book of Babitz | |
| Bad Reinerz (Polish: Duszniki-Zdrój) | Bad Reinerz, now known as Duszniki-Zdrój, is a historic spa town in Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. First mentioned in 1324, it was granted town rights in 1346 and developed as a trade hub between Silesia and Bohemia. The town became known for its mineral springs, with spa treatments beginning in 1751, and officially gaining spa town status in 1769. One of its most famous visitors was Frédéric Chopin, who stayed in 1826 and gave his first charity concert there. Today, Duszniki-Zdrój hosts the annual Chopin Music Festival, honoring his legacy. The town also features the Museum of Papermaking, housed in a 17th-century paper mill, showcasing its historical role in paper production. | Local heritage book of Bad Reinerz | |
| Bad Warmbrunn (Polish: Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój) | Warmbrunn, Hirschberg, Liegnitz, Schlesien, Preussen2 | Bad Warmbrunn, now known as Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój, is a historic spa town in Jelenia Góra, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. It is one of the oldest spa resorts in Poland, with thermal springs that have been used for healing since at least 1281. The town was historically part of Germany until 1945, when it became Polish territory after World War II. Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój is famous for its thermal waters, which reach temperatures of up to 90°C underground and are rich in fluoride and silica, making them beneficial for various medical treatments. The town features a beautiful spa park, historic buildings like the Schaffgotsch Palace, and numerous sanatoriums and wellness centers. Today, it remains a popular health resort, attracting visitors seeking relaxation and therapeutic treatments. | Local heritage book of Bad Warmbrunn |
| Baitzen (Polish: Byczeń) | Baitzen, Frankenstein, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen3 | Baitzen, now known as Byczeń, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Ząbkowice Śląskie County and the Kamieniec Ząbkowicki municipality. The village has a long history, with its first recorded mention dating back to 1183. During the Middle Ages, Baitzen was a knightly estate, later becoming Cistercian property in 1346 until its secularization in 1810. The village suffered destruction during the Hussite invasions in 1427 and the Thirty Years’ War. By 1765, it had 13 farmers, 19 smallholders, 28 cottagers, and 6 craftsmen. In 1933, its population was 643, decreasing to 581 by 1939. Following World War II, Baitzen was transferred to Poland, renamed Byczeń, and its German population was expelled. Today, it remains a small but historically significant village. | Local heritage book of Alt Altmannsdorf und Baitzen |
| Bärdorf (Polish: Niedźwiedź) | Bärdorf, Münsterberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen4 | Bärdorf, now known as Niedźwiedź, is a historic village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Ząbkowice Śląskie County. It was historically part of Germany until 1945, when it became Polish territory after World War II. The village was home to the Church of St. Simon and Judas, which dates back to at least 1887 and was an important religious center. Catholic parish records from 1699 to 1920 document baptisms, marriages, and deaths in the area, reflecting its long-standing religious traditions. | Local heritage book of Bärdorf |
| Berzdorf (Polish: Bożnowice) | Berzdorf, now known as Bożnowice, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Ząbkowice Śląskie County and the Ziębice municipality. Historically, it was part of Germany until 1945, when it became Polish territory after World War II. The village is home to the Church of the Holy Trinity, built in 1709, and a historic windmill from the 18th–19th centuries. It is also part of several hiking trails, connecting it to nearby villages and natural landmarks. | Local heritage book of Berzdorf und Dobrischau | |
| Birkenbrück (Polish: Brzeznik) | Birkenbrück, Bunzlau, Liegnitz, Schlesien, Preussen5 | Birkenbrück, now known as Brzeźnik, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Bolesławiec County. Historically, it was part of Germany until 1945, when it became Polish territory after World War II. The village was founded around 1228 and was owned by the Magdalene Monastery in Nowogrodziec from 1265 to 1810. In 1510, a group of knightly raiders near Birkenbrück robbed a convoy carrying valuables belonging to King Sigismund I of Poland. Today, Brzeźnik is a large village, stretching approximately 1.8 km, and is situated on the Izera Foothills, at an elevation of 205–220 meters above sea level. | Local heritage book of Naumburg am Queis und Umgebung |
| Bralin | Bralin, historically part of Prussia, was situated within Kreis Kempen in the Province of Posen. The village played a role in Prussian administrative and military structures, particularly after the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, when it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia. Under Prussian rule, Bralin developed as an agricultural and trade center, benefiting from land reforms and infrastructure improvements introduced in the 19th century. During World War II, Bralin was occupied by Nazi Germany from 1939 to 1945, experiencing forced labor policies and population displacement. After the war, the village was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German inhabitants. Bralin is a small but historically significant village, maintaining its cultural heritage while integrating into modern Poland. | Local heritage book of Bralin | |
| Breslau-Gräbschen (Kaiserliches Kinderheim) | Breslau-Gräbschen was a district in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland), historically part of Schlesien, Preussen. It was known for the Kaiserliches Kinderheim, a charitable institution founded in 1879 to support unmarried mothers and their children. The facility operated until 1922, when financial difficulties led to its closure. | Local family database Breslau-Gräbschen (Kaiserliches Kinderheim) | |
| Brucksteine (Polish: Mrokocin) | Brucksteine, now known as Mrokocin, was historically part of Prussia, specifically within Kreis Münsterberg and later Kreis Frankenstein. It was a self-sufficient estate (Rittergut) with a milling operation, and at times, it served as the seat of a gräfliche Linie derer von der Recke von Volmerstein. The village was strategically located along the Frankenstein–Patschkau road and near a small canal of the Glatzer Neisse, making it an important site for agriculture and trade. By 1832, Brucksteine consisted of 43 houses and 218 residents, including 5 farm estates, 7 free gardeners, a blacksmith, a watermill, and a chapel. The local Catholic parish was in Ober Pomsdorf, while Protestant residents attended church in Patschkau. After 1874, Brucksteine was administratively linked to Neuhaus, which housed the civil registry office. The village remained under Prussian rule until 1945, when it was transferred to Poland following World War II, leading to the expulsion of its German population. | Local family database Brucksteine (Mrokocin) | |
| Buchelsdorf (Polish: Buchalów) | Buchelsdorf, Grünberg, Liegnitz, Schlesien, Preussen6 | Buchelsdorf, now Buchałów, was historically part of Prussia, within Kreis Grünberg, Province of Silesia. First mentioned in 1376, it was associated with noble families like von Glaubitz and von Knobelsdorff, who controlled the estate during the 16th and 17th centuries. Ownership changed due to religious conflicts during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation, before stabilizing under Caspar Balthasar von Knobelsdorff in 1737. By the 19th century, a neo-Gothic palace (1851–1853), surrounded by an English-style romantic garden, reflected Prussian aristocratic tastes. The estate was owned by the von Blomberg family until 1945, when the village was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population and the palace’s eventual demolition, leaving only remnants like a vineyard house from 1874. Today, Buchałów is a small village in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland, with 273 residents, part of Gmina Świdnica, near Zielona Góra. While the palace no longer stands, its historical estate traces remain. The village maintains its Catholic heritage, featuring the Church of St. George Martyr, with a neo-Gothic tower (1860) alongside a modern church built in the 1990s. | Local heritage book of Buchelsdorf |
| Bunzlau (Naumburg) | Bunzlau, now known as Bolesławiec, was historically situated within Naumburg am Queis (now Nowogrodziec). It was a key trade and ceramic production center in Prussia, granted city rights in 1251. By the 16th century, Bunzlau had become renowned for its Bunzlau pottery, a craft perfected under Prussian rule, using salt-glazed ceramics that gained international recognition. Due to its strategic location along trade routes, the town flourished economically, linking Silesia, Saxony, and Bohemia. Under Prussian administration, Bunzlau was closely associated with Naumburg am Queis, which served as a regional jurisdictional seat. Naumburg was also home to a Cistercian monastery (founded in 1217), influencing the town’s education, agriculture, and manuscript production. The monastery remained central to regional governance, with its church records documenting baptisms, marriages, and deaths from 1629 to 1800. Today, Nowogrodziec retains elements of its medieval and Prussian heritage, including fortifications and historic churches. | Local heritage book of Naumburg am Queis and surroundings | |
| Bunzlau-West (Polish: Powiat Bolesławiecki) | Bunzlau-West, now part of Powiat Bolesławiecki, was historically situated within Kreis Bunzlau in Prussia. Established in 1816, the district was part of the Province of Silesia, serving as an important administrative and economic center. By 1910, it encompassed 129 municipalities, covering 1,044 km², with a population of 64,813 residents. The region was known for its ceramic industry, particularly Bunzlau pottery, which gained international recognition for its salt-glazed stoneware. Following World War II, Bunzlau-West was transferred to Poland, becoming Powiat Bolesławiecki. Today, it remains a significant territorial unit within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with Bolesławiec as its administrative seat. The county covers 1,303 km², with a population of 90,108, including Bolesławiec and Nowogrodziec. The region continues to celebrate its ceramic heritage, maintaining its historical connection to Bunzlau’s Prussian past. | Local heritage book of Kreis Bunzlau-West (Lausitzer Anteil) | |
| Burau (Polish: Borowe) | Burau, Sagan, Liegnitz, Schlesien, Preussen7 | Burau, now known as Borowe, is a village in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland, located within Żagań County and the Gmina Iłowa municipality. Historically, it was part of Germany until 1945, when it became Polish territory after World War II. The village was first mentioned in 1476, recorded as Bore. In the 18th century, Count Promnitz settled Czech Brethren in the area, influencing its cultural and religious landscape. A hunting lodge, built in 1620, was later remodeled into a classical manor in the 18th century, reflecting Prussian architectural styles. Today, Borowe is a small village with a population of 423 residents, situated in the northern part of the Lower Silesian Forests. It retains elements of its historical heritage, including its manor house, which is listed in the regional register of monuments. | Local heritage book of Burau |
| Buschvorwerk (Kosel) | Buschvorwerk, historically part of Kosel, was situated within Kreis Sagan in Prussia. By 1845, Kosel consisted of 134 houses and 871 residents, including 79 Catholics. The village had a Catholic church and a school established in 1836, serving the surrounding settlements, including Buschvorwerk, Kunzendorf, Schönaich, Groß Reichenau, Paganz, Poidritz, and Tschirkau. During World War II, Buschvorwerk was affected by wartime operations, with significant changes occurring between 1944 and 1945. In the final months of the war, the village transitioned from a refuge for evacuated German children to a site of occupation by Soviet troops and Polish militias, leading to the expulsion of its German population. | Local heritage book of Kosel | |
| Deutsch Rasselwitz (Polish: Racławice Śląskie) | Rasselwitz, Deutsch, Klein, Polnisch, Neustadt, Oppeln, Schlesien, Preussen | Deutsch Rasselwitz, now Racławice Śląskie, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Neustadt O.S. in Silesia. First mentioned in 1252, it was incorporated into Prussian territory in 1742 following the First Silesian War. By 1845, the village had developed into a regional economic hub, with 409 houses, a Catholic church, a school, two watermills, and a border customs office. The construction of the Neustadt–Leobschütz railway in 1876 further strengthened its role in transport and commerce. During World War II, Deutsch Rasselwitz remained under German control until 1945, when it was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Racławice Śląskie retains elements of its Prussian heritage, including the Catholic Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (built 1787–1789) and remnants of its historic railway infrastructure, which continue to highlight its past significance as a transport and administrative center.8 | Local heritage book of Deutsch Rasselwitz |
| Dobrischau (Polish: Dobroszów) | Dobrischau, now known as Dobroszów, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Lower Silesia. The village’s name originates from the Polish word “dobra”, meaning “good” or “valuable land”, which was later Germanized into Dobrischau. It was an agricultural settlement, benefiting from Prussian land reforms and regional trade networks. During World War II, Dobrischau remained under German control until 1945, when it was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Dobroszów is a small village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship. | Local heritage book of Berzdorf und Dobrischau | |
| Dzielau (Polish: Dzielawy) | Dzielau, now Dzielawy, is a village in the Opole Voivodeship of southwestern Poland, formerly part of Upper Silesia in Prussia. First mentioned in 1340, it was known as Dielau in 1531 and later as Dzielawy in 1783. The village belonged to the Kreis Cosel in the Regierungsbezirk Oppeln, with administrative ties to Gnadenfeld and Czienskowitz, and religious affiliations to Grzendzin (Catholic) and Ratibor (Protestant). In the Upper Silesia plebiscite of 1921, the vast majority of residents voted to remain in Germany. In 1936, the village was renamed Teilbach as part of Nazi-era Germanization. It was later merged into the municipality of Grenzen in 1937. After World War II, the area was transferred to Poland, and the village resumed the name Dzielawy. Since 2011, it officially recognizes its historical German name, Dzielau, alongside the Polish one. Today, Dzielawy is a quiet rural settlement, reflecting the layered history of Silesia’s shifting borders and identities. | Local heritage book of Grzendzin | |
| Eckersdorf (Kreis Neurode) (Polish: Bożków, Czech: Jakartice) | Eckersdorf, now known as Bożków in Polish and Jakartice in Czech, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland. It is part of the Nowa Ruda municipality in Kłodzko County. The village was first mentioned in 1348 as Ekkehardisdorf, later evolving into Eckersdorf. It was originally a Waldhufendorf (forest village) and became the seat of the Eckersdorf estate. Throughout its history, the village was ruled by various noble families, including the von Maltwitz, von Guesner, and von Raueck families. In the 17th century, the estate was confiscated by the Habsburgs and later acquired by the Jesuits, before being purchased by Jan Jerzy von Goetzen, a prominent nobleman. The von Magnis family controlled the estate from the 18th century until 1945. Bożków is known for its historic palace, which was once a grand residence of the von Magnis family. The village is located in the western foothills of the Bardzkie Mountains, about 10 km northwest of Kłodzko. | Local heritage book of Eckersdorf (Kreis Neurode) | |
| Eisersdorf (Polish: Zelazno) | Eisersdorf, now called Żelazno, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, situated in Kłodzko County. Its origins date back to at least the 13th century, when it came under Silesian and Bohemian influence. By 1350, part of the village was owned by Arnošt of Pardubice, Bishop of Prague, before being transferred to the Augustinian monastery in Kłodzko. In the late 15th century, a tower house was built, likely by Jacob Stanke von Koritau, and later restored after damage during the Thirty Years’ War. In 1597, the Jesuits took control of Żelazno’s monastery holdings, expanding them throughout the 17th century. By the 19th century, the von Löbbecke family owned the estate, maintaining a baroque-classicist palace, which later became a hotel and cultural center. Today, Żelazno is recognized for its architectural heritage, including its medieval structures and noble estates, making it a valuable historical site in Lower Silesia. | Local heritage book of Eisersdorf | |
| Faulbrück (Polish: Mościsko) | Faulbrück, now called Mościsko, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with roots dating back to at least 1268. It was shaped by Silesian, Bohemian, Prussian, and Polish rule, reflecting centuries of shifting borders and cultural influences. During the Middle Ages, it was part of the German Ostsiedlung, bringing settlers and trade under German town law. By the 18th century, it was under Prussian control, following Frederick the Great’s conquest of Silesia. The village had a significant agricultural and industrial community, including mills and estates. After World War II, it was renamed Mościsko in 1946, marking its transition under Polish administration. Today, it remains a quiet, historical village with a legacy of Silesian heritage. | Local heritage book of Faulbrück | |
| Follmersdorf (Polish: Chwalisław) | Follmersdorf, now known as Chwalisław, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located in Ząbkowice Śląskie County within the Gmina Złoty Stok. The village was first mentioned in 1260 as Villa Folmeri, and by 1249, it had already been granted to the Cistercian monks of Kamieniec Ząbkowicki. In 1812, the estate was purchased by Queen Wilhelmina of Prussia, and after her death in 1837, it passed to Marianna Orańska, a Dutch princess known for her contributions to Silesian infrastructure. During the 19th century, Chwalisław thrived, featuring a church, school, and water mill, and became part of a tourist route leading to the Ptasznik viewpoint. Until 1945, the village was owned by the Hohenzollern family, but after World War II, it was incorporated into Poland, leading to a decline in population. Today, Chwalisław remains a quiet village with a rich Silesian and Prussian heritage. | Local heritage book of Follmersdorf | |
| Frankenberg (Polish: Przylęk) | Frankenberg, now known as Przylęk, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located in Ząbkowice Śląskie County within the Gmina Bardo. The village was first mentioned in 1189, originally as Prilanc, a Slavic settlement in the Bardo castellany. By 1210, German settlers arrived, and the village was renamed Frankenberg. It was granted town privileges before 1241, but lost its status in 1284, becoming a village again. During the Middle Ages, Frankenberg was strategically located on a trade route between Wrocław and Prague, and even had its own mint. In 1331, it became part of the Duchy of Münsterberg, under Bohemian rule, and later fell under Prussian control in 1742. After World War II, the village was renamed Przylęk and incorporated into Poland. Today, it remains a quiet settlement with a rich Silesian and medieval heritage. | Local heritage book of Frankenberg | |
| Freiwaldau (Polish: Gozdnica) | Freiwaldau, now known as Gozdnica, is a town in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland, located in Żagań County. It was founded in the 13th century by Duke Przemko of Ścinawa and was part of the duchies of Żagań and Jawor during the medieval fragmentation of Poland. The town was granted municipal rights before 1315, but lost them in 1752, only to have them restored in 1967. Over the centuries, Gozdnica was under Bohemian, Saxon, and Prussian rule, reflecting the shifting borders of Silesia. The town became known for its ceramic and porcelain industry, which thrived from the 18th century onward, benefiting from local clay deposits. Today, Gozdnica remains a small but historically rich town with a legacy of Silesian craftsmanship and medieval heritage. | Local heritage book of Freiwaldau | |
| Frömsdorf (Polish: Czerńczyce) | Frömsdorf (Froemsdorf), now known as Czerńczyce, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located in Ząbkowice Śląskie County within the Gmina Ziębice. Historically, it was part of Silesia, influenced by Bohemian, Habsburg, and Prussian rule. The village was first mentioned in medieval records and developed as an agricultural settlement. A notable landmark is the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, originally built in the 15th century and later renovated in the 18th century. In the 19th century, Czerńczyce was part of Prussian Silesia, reflecting the broader German influence in the region. After World War II, it became part of Poland, marking a shift in its cultural and administrative identity. Today, it remains a quiet village with a rich Silesian heritage. | Local heritage book of Frömsdorf und Polnisch Peterwitz | |
| Fürstlich-Neudorf | Fürstlich-Neudorf was a Gutsbezirk (manorial district) in Groß Wartenberg County, Lower Silesia, historically part of Prussia until 1928. The area was administratively linked to Wartenberg and Domsel, with a population of 136 residents in 1910. It covered 12.26 km² in 1885 and was part of the broader Schlesien (Silesia) region. The village was historically influenced by German and Silesian traditions, reflecting the shifting borders of Central Europe. | Local heritage book of Trembatschau und Fürstlich-Neudorf | |
| Gaffron | Gaffron, Steinau, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen9 | Gaffron was a village in Lower Silesia, historically part of Kreis Steinau, a Prussian administrative district that existed from 1742 to 1932. The village was linked to Raudten and Queißen, with agricultural estates and a Protestant parish. By 1939, Gaffron had 491 residents, with notable estates in Beitkau and Jüderei. Steinau, known as Steinau an der Oder, was the county seat of Kreis Steinau and an important trade hub along the Oder River. The town had a mint in the Middle Ages, and by the 19th century, it was a center for commerce and administration. After 1932, the district was dissolved, with parts absorbed into Kreis Lüben and Kreis Wohlau. | |
| Gersdorf am Queis (Polish: Gierałtów) | Gersdorf am Queis, now Gierałtów, has a history stretching back to the Stone Age, with evidence of early human settlement in the region. By the Middle Ages, it was a Slavic settlement, later influenced by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung. The village became part of Bohemia in the 14th century, then Habsburg-controlled Silesia, and was later annexed by Prussia in 1742. In the 19th century, it developed agriculture, mills, and ceramics, benefiting from its location near Bunzlau (Bolesławiec). After World War II, it was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, Gierałtów remains a quiet village with a legacy of Silesian craftsmanship and medieval heritage. | Local heritage book of Gersdorf am Queis | |
| Groß Friedrichs-Tabor (Polish: Tabor Wielki) | Groß Friedrichs-Tabor, now Tabor Wielki, was founded in 1749 by Czech Protestant exiles under Frederick II of Prussia. The settlement was part of the Freie Standesherrschaft Groß Wartenberg, near the border of Kreis Kempen in Posen. It became a center for Böhmische Brüder (Bohemian Brethren), with a reformed church established in 1750. The village thrived under Prussian rule, maintaining its religious and agricultural traditions. After World War II, it was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, Tabor Wielki remains a quiet village with a legacy of Silesian and Czech heritage. | Local heritage book of Groß Friedrichs-Tabor | |
| Günthersdorf (Polish: Godzieszów) | Günthersdorf, now Godzieszów, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located in Bolesławiec County within the Gmina Nowogrodziec. The area has traces of prehistoric settlement, with evidence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes. By the Middle Ages, it was part of Bohemia, later coming under Habsburg rule. The village was historically linked to Frydlant estates, reflecting Czech influence. In the 18th century, it became part of Prussian Silesia, benefiting from agricultural and trade development. The Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, built before 1420, remains a key landmark. After World War II, Godzieszów was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, it retains its Silesian and Czech heritage, with preserved historic architecture and rural traditions.10 | Local heritage book of Günthersdorf | |
| Haidewaldau (Polish: Zagajnik) | Haidewaldau, now known as Zagajnik, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Görlitz in Lower Silesia. The village was located near Waldau (now Wykroty), forming part of the westernmost settlements of Silesia, close to the Lusatian border. By 1910, Haidewaldau had 264 residents, primarily Evangelical Lutherans, and was administratively linked to Rothwasser (now Czerwona Woda). Following World War II, Haidewaldau was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Zagajnik remains a small rural settlement, retaining elements of its historical heritage while integrating into modern Poland. | Local heritage book of Waldau (Landkreis Bunzlau) und Haidewaldau (Landkreis Görlitz) | |
| Harpersdorf (Polish: Twardocice) | Harpersdorf, now known as Twardocice, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Goldberg in Silesia. First mentioned in 1206, it became part of the Habsburg province of Silesia before being incorporated into Prussia in 1742 following the First Silesian War. From the 16th to the early 18th century, Harpersdorf was home to the Schwenkfelder religious sect, which opposed the dominant Lutheran local government. The Viehweg Monument, built in 1863, commemorates Schwenkfelders who were buried in cattle paths as a sign of disgrace. Following World War II, Harpersdorf was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Twardocice is a small village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, located within Złotoryja County. It retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Viehweg Monument, which was rededicated after 2003 following restoration. | Local heritage book of Harpersdorf | |
| Heinrichau (Polish: Henryków) | Heinrichau, now known as Henryków, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Frankenstein in Lower Silesia. First mentioned in 1222, it became an important ecclesiastical center, with the founding of the Cistercian Monastery of Heinrichau by Nikolaus, a notary of Duke Henry the Bearded. The monastery played a key role in regional administration, agriculture, and manuscript production, with its Latin chronicle, the Book of Henryków (1270), containing the first known sentence written in Polish. Under Prussian rule, Heinrichau remained a religious and economic hub, benefiting from land reforms and infrastructure improvements. Following World War II, the village was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Henryków is part of Ząbkowice Śląskie County, retaining elements of its historical heritage, including the Cistercian Monastery Complex, which remains a landmark of Silesian religious and cultural history. | Local heritage book of Heinrichau, Neuhof, Ranke, Taschenberg und Zesselwitz | |
| Hermsdorf unterm Kynas (Polish: Sobieszów) | Hermsdorf unterm Kynas, now known as Sobieszów, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Hirschberg in Lower Silesia. First mentioned in 1305, it was owned by the Schaffgotsch noble family from 1369 to 1945. The village was closely linked to Kynast Castle (Zamek Chojnik), a medieval fortress that played a strategic role in Silesian defense and administration. Following World War II, Hermsdorf was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population and its renaming to Sobieszów. Today, it is a district of Jelenia Góra, retaining elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, originally built as a Schlesisches Bethaus (Silesian prayer house) in 1744–1745. | Local heritage book of Hermsdorf unterm Kynast | |
| Herrmannsdorf (Polish: Kierzno) | Herrmannsdorf, now known as Kierzno, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Bunzlau in Lower Silesia. The village was an agricultural settlement, benefiting from Prussian land reforms and regional trade networks. By the 19th century, Herrmannsdorf had a Catholic church, a school, and a memorial dedicated to soldiers who fell in World War I. Following World War II, Herrmannsdorf was transferred to Poland, becoming Kierzno. Today, it is part of Bolesławiec County, within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with a population of 276 residents. The village retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of St. Joseph, originally built in 1680, which has undergone multiple renovations. | Local heritage book of Naumburg am Queis und Umgebung | |
| Hertwigswalde (Polish: Doboszowice) | Hertwigswalde, now known as Doboszowice, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Frankenstein in Lower Silesia. Founded in 1291 by German colonists, it was first recorded in 1293 as having an established Catholic church. Over the centuries, the village was owned by various noble families, including the von Schaffgotsch (1465–1537), von Promnitz (1537–1585), and von Lichtenstein (1687–1747) dynasties. In 1816, Hertwigswalde was incorporated into Kreis Frankenstein, strengthening its administrative ties within Prussian Silesia. By 1874, the construction of the Kamenz–Nysa railway brought economic growth, with Doboszowice station serving as a regional transport hub. Following World War II, the village was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Doboszowice retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of St. Nicholas, a 15th–18th century complex featuring a cemetery, gatehouse, and fortified walls. | Local heritage book of Hertwigswalde | |
| Herzogswaldau (Polish: Milikow) | Herzogswaldau, Bunzlau, Liegnitz, Schlesien, Preussen11 | Herzogswaldau, now known as Milików, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Bunzlau in Lower Silesia. The village was located near Nowogrodziec, serving as an agricultural and trade settlement. By the 19th century, Herzogswaldau had a Catholic church, a school, and several farm estates, reflecting its economic stability under Prussian governance. Following World War II, Herzogswaldau was transferred to Poland, becoming Milików. Today, it is part of Bolesławiec County, within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, and retains elements of its historical heritage, including remnants of its rural architecture and cultural traditions. | Local heritage book of Naumburg am Queis und Umgebung |
| Hussinetz (Polish: Gęsiniec) | Hussinetz, later renamed Friedrichstein, is now known as Gęsiniec in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. The village was founded in 1749 by Czech Protestant exiles, who fled religious persecution in the Habsburg lands. It became a center for Czech-speaking settlers, maintaining a Czech school until 1873 and Czech-language church services until 1887. In 1937, the German authorities renamed it Friedrichstein as part of their Germanization policies. Following World War II, Hussinetz was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Gęsiniec retains elements of its Czech heritage, with descendants of the original settlers still residing in the area.12 | Local heritage book of Hussinetz | |
| Jassen | Jassen, historically known as Jassen bei Cosel, was a village in Upper Silesia, part of the Kreis Cosel in the Regierungsbezirk Oppeln, within the Province of Silesia in Prussia. It was a small rural settlement, likely with administrative and religious ties to nearby towns such as Cosel (Koźle) and Ratibor (Racibórz). During the Nazi-era renaming campaign in the 1930s, many Silesian villages were given more Germanic names, though it’s unclear if Jassen itself was renamed. After World War II, the region was transferred to Poland, and Jassen became part of the Polish state. | Local heritage book of Dittersdorf mit Kreiwitz, Kröschendorf, Jassen, Langenbrück und Kunzendorf | |
| Karlsberg | Karlsberg was historically a village in Prussian Silesia, likely located within the Province of Silesia and administratively tied to the Regierungsbezirk Breslau. It belonged to a network of rural settlements shaped by centuries of Slavic and Germanic influence, and like many villages in the region, it developed as an agrarian community centered around farming, local trade, and religious life. While detailed records are limited, Karlsberg would have shared cultural and economic ties with nearby villages such as Ranke, Taschenberg, and Zesselwitz, reflecting the broader Silesian tradition of blended heritage. After World War II, the village was incorporated into Poland, and its name was changed to reflect Polish linguistic and administrative norms. | Local heritage book of Alt-Wiendorf, Amaliengrund, Karlsberg, Neu-Wiendorf und Trenkau | |
| Klein Rasselwitz (Polish: Racławice Małe) | Klein Rasselwitz, renamed Grenzdorf in 1936 as part of a broader campaign to standardize place names, is now known as Racławice Małe, a village in the Opole Voivodeship of southwestern Poland, formerly part of Upper Silesia in Prussia. Historically, it belonged to the Regierungsbezirk Breslau within the Province of Schlesien, and was administratively tied to Alt Schliesa for civil registration and judicial matters. The village retained the name Grenzdorf until 1945, when the region was transferred to Poland following World War II. Its German-speaking population was replaced by Polish settlers, and the village was renamed Racławice Małe. | Local heritage book of Deutsch Rasselwitz | |
| Klieschau (Polish: Kliszów) | Klieschau, Steinau, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen | Klieschau, now known as Kliszów, was a village in Prussian Silesia, located within the Province of Silesia and the Regierungsbezirk Breslau. It formed part of a cluster of rural settlements alongside Ranke, Taschenberg, Zesselwitz, and Heinrichau, all of which shared deep historical and cultural ties shaped by centuries of shifting borders and traditions. Like its neighboring villages, Klieschau developed as an agrarian community, with farming, local trade, and religious life at its core. By the mid-19th century, it featured a modest network of homes and institutions that reflected the Silesian blend of German and Slavic influences. These villages were often interlinked through shared parish structures, seasonal markets, and familial ties. After World War II, Klieschau was placed within Polish territory and renamed Kliszów, marking a significant transformation in its administrative and cultural identity. | |
| Kosel (Polish: Koźle) | Kosel, historically known as Koźle, is a district in Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Opole Voivodeship, Poland. It was once part of Silesia, a region with a complex history under Polish, Bohemian, Prussian, and German rule. The town dates back to the 12th century and received town rights in 1281. It was a strategic fortress under Prussian rule and played a role in various conflicts, including the Silesian Wars and World War II. | Local heritage book of Kosel | |
| Kreiwitz (Polish: Krejwitz) | Kreiwitz was a historical village in Silesia, Germany, now part of Poland. It was located in the Regierungsbezirk Oppeln and had records dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries. | Local heritage book of Dittersdorf mit Kreiwitz, Kröschendorf, Jassen, Langenbrück und Kunzendorf | |
| Krelkau (Polish: Krzelków) | Krelkau, now known as Krzelków, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with historical ties to Prussian Silesia. Like many settlements in the region, it reflects a layered past shaped by Slavic origins, German colonization, and centuries of shifting borders. Historically, Krelkau was an agrarian community, with farming, local trade, and religious life forming the core of village activity. Its proximity to other rural settlements contributed to a shared cultural and economic landscape. After World War II, the village became part of Poland, and its name was changed to Krzelków, marking a significant transition in its administrative and cultural identity. Today, it remains a quiet village rooted in the rich heritage of Silesia. | Local heritage book of Krelkau und Leipe | |
| Kröschendorf (Polish: Krzyżkowice) | Kröschendorf, historically part of Silesia, Germany, is now known as Krzyżkowice, located in Lubrza, Opole Voivodeship, Poland. The village was first mentioned in 1321 and was under Prussian rule after the First Silesian War in 1742. It had a population of 419 in the late 19th century. | Local heritage book of Dittersdorf mit Kreiwitz, Kröschendorf, Jassen, Langenbrück und Kunzendorf | |
| Kunzendorf (Polish: Kosel) | Kunzendorf, now Kosel, was located in Prussian Silesia, within the Province of Silesia, and administratively part of the Regierungsbezirk Liegnitz. It was situated in Sagan County, alongside villages such as Schönaich, Groß Reichenau, and Poidritz. By 1845, Kunzendorf had a Catholic church, a school, and 134 houses, with a population of 871 residents, including 79 Catholics. The village was primarily agricultural, with mills, weaving workshops, and livestock farming forming the backbone of its economy. It remained part of Germany until 1945, when Soviet forces occupied the region. After the war, it was transferred to Poland, and its German residents were expelled. The village was officially renamed Kosel, adopting its Polish counterpart. | Local heritage book of Kosel | |
| Kunzendorf (Polish: Trzebina) | Kunzendorf, now known as Trzebina, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with a history shaped by centuries of cultural transitions. Originally part of Prussian Silesia, it was situated near other rural communities that shared agricultural traditions and regional ties. The village developed as an agrarian settlement, with farming, local trade, and religious life forming the backbone of daily activity. Over time, it absorbed both German and Slavic influences, reflecting the diverse heritage of the Silesian region. After World War II, Kunzendorf was placed within Polish territory and renamed Trzebina. | Local heritage book of Dittersdorf mit Kreiwitz, Kröschendorf, Jassen, Langenbrück und Kunzendorf | |
| Langenbrück | Langenbrück, historically located in Prussian Silesia, was part of the Province of Silesia and administratively tied to the Regierungsbezirk Breslau. It belonged to a network of rural settlements shaped by centuries of shifting borders and cultural influences. The village developed as an agrarian community, with farming, local trade, and religious life forming the core of its economy. Like many Silesian villages, it reflected a blend of German and Slavic traditions, contributing to the region’s rich cultural tapestry. After World War II, Langenbrück was placed within Polish territory, and its name was changed to reflect its new national identity. | Local heritage book of Dittersdorf mit Kreiwitz, Kröschendorf, Jassen, Langenbrück und Kunzendorf | |
| Lang Neundorf (Polish: Dłużec) | Lang Neundorf, now Dłużec, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with a history rooted in the shifting cultural landscape of Silesia. Originally part of Prussian Silesia, it was situated near other rural settlements that shared agricultural traditions and regional ties. The village developed as a modest agrarian community, with farming, local trade, and religious life forming the core of daily activity. Over centuries, it absorbed both Slavic and German influences, reflecting the broader cultural blend typical of the region. After World War II, Lang Neundorf was placed within Polish territory and renamed Dłużec, marking a significant transition in its administrative and cultural identity. Today, it remains a quiet village with deep historical roots. | Local heritage book of Lang Neundorf | |
| Läsgen (Polish: Laski (Odrzańskie)) | Läsgen, now known as Laski (Odrzańskie), is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with a history shaped by centuries of cultural transitions. Originally part of Prussian Silesia, it was located near the Oder River and belonged to a network of agrarian communities that blended German and Slavic traditions. By the 19th century, Läsgen had developed as a modest farming village, with local trade, religious life, and ties to nearby settlements forming the backbone of its economy. Its location near the Oder made it strategically and economically significant within the region. After World War II, the village was placed within Polish territory and renamed Laski (Odrzańskie), reflecting the broader postwar changes in Silesia’s borders and population. Today, it remains a quiet rural community with deep historical roots. | Local heritage book of Laesgen | |
| Laskowitz (Polish: Laskowice Oławskie) | Laskowitz, now Laskowice Oławskie, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with historical ties to Prussian Silesia. Located near Oława, it was part of the broader network of rural settlements shaped by centuries of shifting borders and cultural influences. First mentioned in historical records during the early modern period, Laskowitz developed as an agrarian community, with farming, local trade, and religious life forming the backbone of village life. Its proximity to regional centers like Oława and Wrocław helped integrate it into the economic and administrative fabric of Silesia. After World War II, the village was placed within Polish territory, and its name was changed to Laskowice Oławskie, reflecting the postwar transformation of the region’s identity and population. Today, it remains a quiet rural settlement with deep historical roots. | Local heritage book of Laskowitz | |
| Lättnitz (Polish: Lednica) | Lättnitz, now known as Lednica, is a village with deep historical roots in Silesia, located in present-day Poland. Though small, it shares the layered legacy of the region—shaped by centuries of shifting borders, cultural blending, and rural traditions. Historically part of Prussian Silesia, Lättnitz was situated near other settlements like Ranke, Taschenberg, and Zesselwitz, forming a network of agrarian communities. Its economy centered on farming, local trade, and religious life, typical of Silesian villages in the 19th century. After World War II, the village was placed within Polish territory, and its name was changed to Lednica, reflecting the broader transformation of the region’s identity and population. Today, it remains a quiet rural settlement, echoing the complex history of Lower Silesia. | Local heritage book of Lättnitz | |
| Leipe (Polish: Lipa) | Local heritage book of Krelkau und Leipe | ||
| Lessen, Groß (Lesniów Wielki) | Groß Lessen, now known as Leśniów Wielki, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Grünberg in Silesia. The village was strategically located along regional trade routes, contributing to its economic and agricultural development. By the 19th century, Groß Lessen had a Catholic church, a school, and a milling operation, reflecting its stable rural economy under Prussian governance. Following World War II, Groß Lessen was transferred to Poland, becoming Leśniów Wielki. Today, it is part of Lubusz Voivodeship, within Zielona Góra County, with a population of 536 residents. The village retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, a baroque chapel, and a historic windmill. | Local heritage book of Groß Lessen | |
| Leutmannsdorf (Polish: Lutomia) | Leutmannsdorf, now known as Lutomia, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Świdnica County. Historically, it was part of Prussia, situated in Kreis Schweidnitz, and played a role in regional administration and agriculture. The village was known for its Evangelical parish, established in the 18th century, with a plebania (parsonage) that still stands today. Following World War II, Leutmannsdorf was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Lutomia consists of Lutomia Górna (Upper Lutomia) and Lutomia Dolna (Lower Lutomia), retaining elements of its historical heritage, including church structures and rural architecture. | Local heritage book of Leutmannsdorf | |
| Moschwitz (Polish: Muszkowice) | Moschwitz, Münsterberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen13 | Moschwitz, now known as Muszkowice, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Münsterberg in Lower Silesia. First mentioned in 1282 as Muscowicz, the village was owned by the Counts of Würben before coming under the control of the Cistercian Monastery of Heinrichau. By 1845, Moschwitz had 80 houses, a Catholic school, a watermill, a distillery, and a brickworks, reflecting its economic stability under Prussian governance. Following World War II, Moschwitz was transferred to Poland, becoming Muszkowice. Today, it is part of Ząbkowice Śląskie County, within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, and retains elements of its historical heritage, including the St. Anne Chapel, built in 1707 on the Marienberg hill. | Local heritage book of Alt Heinrichau, Moschwitz, Willwitz, Tarchwitz, Zinkwitz, Ober-Johnsdorf, Raatz |
| Münsterberg Bürgerbezirk | The Münsterberg Bürgerbezirk was historically part of Kreis Münsterberg in Lower Silesia, serving as an administrative and residential district. It was home to a diverse population, including artisans, merchants, and officials, contributing to the region’s economic and social development. The district was closely linked to Münsterberg (now Ziębice, Poland), which was a fortified town with medieval origins, playing a role in trade and governance under Prussian rule. | Local heritage book of Münsterberg-Bürgerbezirk Ortsfamilienbücher Münsterberger und Frankensteiner Kreis [CC BY-NC-SA 4.0] | |
| Naumburg am Queis (Polish: Nowogrodziec) | Naumburg am Queis, now known as Nowogrodziec, is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, situated within Bolesławiec County. It was founded in 1233 by Polish Duke Henry I the Bearded, who granted it Magdeburg town rights. The town was historically linked to the Magdalene Monastery, which played a significant role in its economic and religious development. By the 16th century, Nowogrodziec had established a pottery industry, which later became a defining feature of the region. From 1871 to 1945, Nowogrodziec was part of Germany, but after World War II, it was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, the town retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Baroque Church of Saints Peter and Paul, the Saint Nicholas Church, and the Polish-Saxon post milestone from 1725. | Local heritage book of Naumburg am Queis und Umgebung | |
| Nieder Pomsdorf (Polish: Pomianów Dolny) | Nieder Pomsdorf, Münsterberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen14 | Nieder Pomsdorf was a village in Schlesien, Preussen, located in Münsterberg, Breslau. It was classified as a Dorf und Rittergut (village and landed estate) and had a population of 238 in the late 19th century. By 1939, its population had grown to 852. The village was part of the Frankenstein district, which later became part of Niederschlesien, Poland after World War II. | Local family database Brucksteine (Mrokocin) |
| Neuen (Polish: Nowa) | Local heritage book of Ottendorf | ||
| Neuhaus (Polish: Chałupki) | Neuhaus, now known as Chałupki, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Lower Silesia. The village was located near the Glatzer Neiße River, serving as a border settlement between Silesia and Bohemia. It was strategically important, with Burg Neuhaus, a medieval fortress built by Duke Bolko I of Jauer-Löwenberg between 1291 and 1295, to secure the frontier. Following World War II, Neuhaus was transferred to Poland, becoming Chałupki. Today, it is part of Ząbkowice Śląskie County, within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, and retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of Saint John of Nepomuk. | Local family database Brucksteine (Mrokocin) | |
| Neuhof | Local heritage book of Heinrichau, Neuhof, Ranke, Taschenberg und Zesselwitz | ||
| Neu-Wiendorf | Local heritage book of Alt-Wiendorf, Amaliengrund, Karlsberg, Neu-Wiendorf und Trenkau | ||
| Nossen, Groß (Polish: Osina Wielka) | Groß Nossen, now known as Osina Wielka, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Münsterberg in Lower Silesia. The village was an agricultural settlement, benefiting from Prussian land reforms and regional trade networks. By the 19th century, Groß Nossen had a Catholic church, a school, and a milling operation, reflecting its economic stability under Prussian governance. Following World War II, Groß Nossen was transferred to Poland, becoming Osina Wielka. Today, it is part of Ząbkowice Śląskie County, within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with a population of 318 residents. The village retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of St. Lawrence, built in the 19th century, which remains a significant landmark. | Local heritage book of Groß Nossen | |
| Ober-Johnsdorf (Polish: Janówek) | Ober-Johnsdorf, now known as Janówek, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Nimptsch in Lower Silesia. First mentioned in 1414, it was owned by the von Schickfus family in the 18th century. By 1845, the village had 23 houses, a herrschaftliches Vorwerk (manorial estate), two watermills, a windmill, a brewery, and a distillery, reflecting its economic stability under Prussian governance. Following World War II, Ober-Johnsdorf was transferred to Poland, becoming Janówek. Today, it is part of Wrocław County, within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, and retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Bismarck Tower, built in 1869, which was the first Bismarck tower in the world. | Local heritage book of Alt Heinrichau, Moschwitz, Willwitz, Tarchwitz, Zinkwitz, Ober-Johnsdorf, Raatz | |
| Ober Pomsdorf (Polish: Pomianów Górny) | Pomsdorf, Nieder, Ober, Münsterberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen15 | Ober Pomsdorf, now known as Pomianów Górny, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Münsterberg and later Kreis Frankenstein. First mentioned in 1261, the village was owned by various noble families, including the von Maltitz, von Hoditz, von Lichtenstein, von Salm, and von Seherr-Thoss dynasties. By 1830, the estate was held by Joseph Krause, whose wife’s gravestone remains in the local church. Following World War II, Ober Pomsdorf was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Pomianów Górny is part of Kamieniec Ząbkowicki Municipality, retaining elements of its historical heritage, including a 19th-century manor house.16 | Local family database Brucksteine (Mrokocin) |
| Ober Weistritz (Polish: Bystrzyca Górna) | Ober Weistritz, now known as Bystrzyca Górna17, is a village in Świdnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. Historically part of Silesia, Prussia, it was a Dorf und Rittergut (village and landed estate) with a population of 589 in the late 19th century. The village had both Catholic and Protestant churches, and it was integrated into Kreis Schweidnitz under Prussian rule after 1742. | Local heritage book of Ober Weistritz | |
| Ohlguth | Local heritage book of Münsterberg-Bürgerbezirk | ||
| Ottendorf (Polish: Ocice) | Ottendorf, Bunzlau, Liegnitz, Schlesien, Preussen18 | Ottendorf, now known as Ocice, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Bunzlau in Lower Silesia. The village was a large chain settlement, stretching approximately 3.8 km, located along the Mierzwiński Potok stream at an elevation of 200–220 meters. By the 19th century, Ottendorf had a Catholic church, an Evangelical church, and a baroque palace, reflecting its religious and architectural significance. Following World War II, Ottendorf was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Ocice is part of Bolesławiec County, within Lower Silesian Voivodeship, and retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary (late 15th century) and remnants of its baroque palace. | Local heritage book of Ottendorf |
| Paganz (Polish: Pogorzela) | Paganz, now known as Pogorzela, is a village in the Opole Voivodeship of southwestern Poland, formerly part of Upper Silesia in Prussia. Historically, it belonged to the Kreis Cosel in the Regierungsbezirk Oppeln, within the Province of Schlesien. Like many Silesian settlements, Paganz underwent several administrative and cultural transitions over the centuries. In 1936, the village was renamed Grenzhof as part of a broader campaign to standardize and Germanize place names. After World War II, the region was transferred to Poland, and the village was renamed Pogorzela, with its German-speaking population replaced by Polish settlers. | Local heritage book of Kosel | |
| Paritz (Polish: Parzyce) | Paritz, now known as Parzyce, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Bolesławiec County and the Gmina Nowogrodziec municipality. The village is situated on the Kwisa River, at an elevation of 190–200 meters, and has a population of 747 residents. Historically, Paritz was first mentioned in 1233 in a document related to the foundation of Nowogrodziec. By 1292, it was recorded as Paricz, and later in 1406, it appeared as Porizsch. The name is of Slavic origin, possibly derived from “paric” (to burn or clear land), reflecting early settlement practices. The village was divided into Upper and Lower Parzyce, with Upper Parzyce historically owned by the von Druschwitz family, while Lower Parzyce belonged to the von der Landskron family. In 1283, part of the village was sold to the Magdalene Monastery in Nowogrodziec, strengthening its religious and economic ties | Local heritage book of Naumburg am Queis und Umgebung | |
| Pilgramsdorf (Polish: Pielgrzymka) | Pilgramsdorf, now Pielgrzymka, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, within Złotoryjski County and Gmina Pielgrzymka. Originally known as Peregrini villa, it was linked to the Templars, who established a pilgrimage site there. By 1845, Pilgramsdorf had a parish church, school, and several homes. It remained part of Germany until 1945, when Soviet forces occupied the area. After the war, it was transferred to Poland, and its German residents were expelled. The village was officially renamed Pielgrzymka. Today, Pielgrzymka preserves elements of its Templar and German heritage, including the Parish Church of St. John Nepomucene and remnants of its medieval castle foundations. | Local heritage book of Pilgramsdorf | |
| Poidritz (Polish: Podróżyn) | Poidritz, now Podróżyn, is a village in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland, within Żagań County and Gmina Iłowa. Originally part of Prussian Silesia, it belonged to the Province of Silesia under the Kingdom of Prussia from 1742 until 1945, administratively falling within the Liegnitz Region. By 1845, Poidritz had a church, school, and several homes, serving as a local agricultural and religious center. It remained part of Germany until 1945, when Soviet forces occupied the region. After the war, the village was transferred to Poland, and its German residents were expelled. The name was officially changed to “Podróżyn,” reflecting its Polish equivalent. | Local heritage book of Kosel | |
| Polnisch Neudorf (Polish: Polska Nowa Wieś) | Polnisch Neudorf, now known as Polska Nowa Wieś, is a village in Opole Voivodeship, Poland, located within Opole County and the Gmina Komprachcice municipality. First mentioned in 1456, the village was originally settled by Polish inhabitants, which is reflected in its name. In 1914, German authorities removed the “Polnisch” prefix, renaming it simply Neudorf, a name it retained until 1945. By 1845, Polska Nowa Wieś had 119 houses, a Catholic church, a school, and a population of 840 residents. During the 1921 plebiscite, 629 votes were cast for Germany, while 259 votes favored Poland. In the 1930s, a military airfield (Fliegerhorst Neudorf O/S) was constructed, officially designated as a sports airfield, but primarily used for military training. Following World War II, the village was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Polska Nowa Wieś retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Saint Roch Chapel and remnants of its former airfield. | Local heritage book of Polnisch Neudorf (Waldneudorf) | |
| Pomsdorf | Pomsdorf, Nieder, Ober, Münsterberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen15 | Ober Pomsdorf and Nieder Pomsdorf were historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Münsterberg in Lower Silesia. These villages were agricultural settlements, benefiting from Prussian land reforms and regional trade networks. By the 19th century, Ober Pomsdorf had a Catholic parish in Baitzen and a Protestant parish in Patschkau, reflecting its religious significance. Following World War II, both villages were transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of their German populations. Today, they are part of Lower Silesian Voivodeship, retaining elements of their historical heritage. | Local family database Brucksteine (Mrokocin) |
| Possen (Polish: Mierzwin) | Possen, now known as Mierzwin, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Bolesławiec County. First mentioned in 1305, it was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Bunzlau. By 1786, the village had 11 kmieci (farmers), 27 zagrodników (smallholders), and 4 chałupników (cottagers), along with a watermill. In 1821, a new Evangelical school was built, and by 1840, Mierzwin had 63 houses, a watermill, a windmill, five inns, and a peat bog. Following World War II, Possen was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Mierzwin retains elements of its historical heritage, including remnants of a 12th–14th century fortified settlement on its northwestern edge. | Local heritage book of Ottendorf | |
| Probsthain (Polish: Proboszczów) | Probsthain, now known as Proboszczów, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Złotoryja County. First mentioned in 1206, it was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Goldberg. The village was associated with Schwenkfelder religious exiles, who settled in the area between the 16th and 18th centuries. By 1885, Probsthain had 229 buildings and a population of 1,205 residents, with the majority being Evangelical Lutherans. Following World War II, Probsthain was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Proboszczów retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of the Holy Trinity, originally built in the 13th century, and a neoclassical palace from 1821. | Local heritage book of Probsthain | |
| Raatz (Polish: Racławice Śląskie) | Raatz was located in Prussian Silesia, within the Province of Silesia, and administratively part of the Regierungsbezirk Oppeln. It was situated near Heinrichau and belonged to the Glatz County. By 1845, Raatz had a church, school, and several homes, serving as a local agricultural and religious center. It remained part of Germany until 1945, when Soviet forces occupied the region. After the war, the village was transferred to Poland, and its German residents were expelled. The name was officially changed to “Racławice Śląskie,” reflecting its Polish equivalent. | Local heritage book of Alt Heinrichau, Moschwitz, Willwitz, Tarchwitz, Zinkwitz, Ober-Johnsdorf, Raatz | |
| Ranke | Ranke, once nestled in Prussian Silesia within the Province of Silesia and the Regierungsbezirk Breslau, was part of a close-knit cluster of villages including Heinrichau, Neuhof, Taschenberg, and Zesselwitz. These settlements shared deep historical and cultural ties shaped by centuries of shifting borders and traditions. Historically, Ranke was a modest agrarian community, where farming and local trade sustained village life. By 1845, it featured a church, school, and several homes, serving as a small but vital religious and agricultural center. The region reflected a blend of German and Slavic influences, typical of Silesian cultural heritage. Ranke remained under German administration until 1945, when Soviet forces occupied the area during the final phase of World War II. After the war, the village was placed within Polish territory, and its German-speaking population was expelled. | Local heritage book of Heinrichau, Neuhof, Ranke, Taschenberg und Zesselwitz | |
| Rätsch (Polish: Raczyce) | Rätsch, now known as Raczyce, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Ząbkowice Śląskie County. First mentioned in 1258, it was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Frankenstein. The earliest record of the village comes from 1263, when the Cistercian abbot transferred land to Jaśko of Raczyce. The name appears in Latinized medieval documents as Rascizhci and Retschicz, recorded in the Book of Henryków (1269–1273). By the 19th century, Rätsch had a small population, with 122 residents, including five Evangelicals. Following World War II, the village was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Raczyce is part of Gmina Ziębice, retaining elements of its historical heritage, including its traditional rural layout. | Local heritage book of Wiesenthal, Reumen und Rätsch | |
| Rasselwitz (Racławice) | Rasselwitz, Deutsch, Klein, Polnisch, Neustadt, Oppeln, Schlesien, Preussen20 | Rasselwitz, now known as Racławiczki, is a village in Opole Voivodeship, Poland, located within Krapkowice County. First mentioned in 1383, it was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Neustadt O.S.. The village had a Catholic parish, a school, and a watermill, reflecting its economic and religious significance. In 1939, German authorities renamed it Roßtal as part of their Germanization policies. Following World War II, Rasselwitz was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Racławiczki retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Maria-Magdalena Church, built in 1802, which features a baroque altar. | Local heritage book of Deutsch Rasselwitz |
| Reichenau, Groß (Kosel) | Groß Reichenau, historically part of Prussia, was situated within Kreis Sagan in Lower Silesia. It was closely linked to Kosel, which served as a regional administrative and religious center. By 1845, Kosel had 134 houses, a Catholic church, and a Catholic school, with 871 residents, including 79 Catholics. The village was part of the Koseler Pfarrbezirk, which included Groß Reichenau, Kunzendorf, Schönaich, Buschvorwerk, Paganz, Poidritz, and Tschirkau. Following World War II, Groß Reichenau was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, it is part of Lubusz Voivodeship, retaining elements of its historical heritage. | Local heritage book of Kosel | |
| Reumen (Polish: Skalice) | Reumen, now known as Skalice, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Ząbkowice Śląskie County. Historically, it was part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Münsterberg. The village was an agricultural settlement, benefiting from regional trade networks and Prussian land reforms. Following World War II, Reumen was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Skalice retains elements of its historical heritage, with a population of approximately 130 residents. | Local heritage book of Wiesenthal, Reumen und Rätsch | |
| Rohnstock (Polish: Roztoka) | Rohnstock, now known as Roztoka, is a village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, located within Świdnica County. First mentioned in 1305, the name originates from Old High German “rono” (tree trunk) and “stoc” (stock of trees), referring to the area’s forested landscape. The village is best known for Rohnstock Castle, which was owned by the Counts of Hochberg until 1945. Frederick the Great stayed there in 1745 during the Battle of Hohenfriedberg. Before World War II, Rohnstock had around 1,600 inhabitants and was part of Kreis Jauer in German Lower Silesia. Following World War II, Rohnstock was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Roztoka retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of St. Stanislaus and the Baroque palace of the Hochberg family. | Local heritage book of Rohnstock, Kreis Jauer | |
| Schlesisch Drehnow (Polish: Drzonów) | Schlesisch Drehnow, now known as Drzonów, is a village in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland, located within Zielona Góra County. First mentioned in 1305, it was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Grünberg. The village was owned by various noble families, including the von Rabenau (until 1476), von Knobelsdorff (1540–1567), von Löben (1567–17th century), and von Schmettow (1902–1945) dynasties. Drzonów is home to the Lubusz Military Museum, which houses a collection of heavy military equipment and aircraft, including SU-85, Ił-28, and 2K11 Krug missile systems. The village also features a 19th-century palace, originally built in 1816–1818, later adapted for use as a school and municipal offices before becoming a museum in 1978. | Local heritage book of Schlesisch Drehnow | |
| Schlesisch Nettkow (Polish: Nietków) | Schlesisch Nettkow, now known as Nietków, is a village in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland, located within Zielona Góra County. Historically, it was part of Medieval Poland, appearing in the 14th-century Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis under the Latinized name Necka. The name likely derives from the Polish word niecka, meaning “depression” or “basin”, reflecting its geographical setting. Between 1871 and 1945, the village was part of Germany and renamed Schlesisch Nettkow. After World War II, it was returned to Poland, and its original name, Nietków, was restored. Today, Nietków retains elements of its historical heritage, including the Church of the Ascension of Jesus and an 18th-century park. | Local heritage book of Schlesisch Nettkow | |
| Schloin (Polish: Słone) | Schloin, now known as Słone, was historically part of Prussia, situated within Kreis Grünberg in Silesia. First mentioned in 1295, it was originally owned by the Bishopric of Breslau before being sold to a Głogów citizen, Petrus, in 1305. By the 16th century, the von Knobelsdorff family controlled the estate, with Peter von Knobelsdorff recorded as its owner in 1509, followed by Balthasar von Knobelsdorff in 1529. The estate changed hands multiple times, eventually becoming part of the von Unruh family in the 18th century. Under Prussian rule, Schloin mit Heinrichau developed as an agricultural and mining settlement, with brown coal deposits discovered in 1839 by Carl Pohlenz, a merchant from Grünberg. By 1905, around 50 miners lived in the area, working in the coal industry, which remained active until the mid-20th century. Following World War II, the village was transferred to Poland, leading to the expulsion of its German population. Today, Słone retains elements of its historical heritage, including remnants of its manorial estate and mining history. | Local heritage book of Schloin mit Heinrichau | |
| Schubertskrosse (Polish: Krasów) | Schubertskrosse, now Krasów, is a historic village in Opole Voivodeship, Poland, located in Nysa County. The area has traces of prehistoric settlement, with evidence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes. By the Middle Ages, it was part of Bohemia, later coming under Habsburg rule. The village was first recorded as Crasch in 1291, later evolving into Schuberts Kroß by 1527. In 1742, it was divided between Prussia and Austria, reflecting the territorial shifts in Silesia. By the 19th century, Schubertskrosse had agriculture, mills, and small industries, with 123 residents in 1939. After World War II, it was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, Krasów retains its Silesian heritage, with preserved historic architecture and rural traditions. | Local heritage book of Wiesau, Tannenberg, and Schubertskrosse | |
| Schweinitz (Polish: Świdnica) | Schweinitz, now Świdnica, is a historic city in Lower Silesia, Poland, with origins dating back to 1070, when it was part of Piast-ruled Poland. By the 13th century, it became a thriving trade and craft center, known for its brewing industry and Świdnica Cellars, which served beer across Europe. In 1291–1392, it was the capital of the Duchy of Świdnica and Jawor, ruled by a local branch of the Piast dynasty. The city later fell under Bohemian, Habsburg, and Prussian control, becoming part of Prussia in 1742. Świdnica was a major commercial hub until the 17th century, with a mint and strong economic ties to Wrocław and Prague. After World War II, it was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, Świdnica is known for its Gothic and Baroque architecture, including the Church of Peace, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. | Local heritage book of Schweinitz | |
| Seedorf (Polish: Sudoł) | Seedorf, now Sudoł, is a historic village in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland, located in Żagań County. The area has traces of prehistoric settlement, with evidence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes. By the Middle Ages, it was part of Bohemia, later coming under Habsburg rule. The village was historically linked to Grünberg (Zielona Góra), reflecting its role in regional trade and agriculture. In the 18th century, it became part of Prussian Silesia, benefiting from economic development. After World War II, Sudoł was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, it retains its Silesian heritage, with preserved historic architecture and rural traditions. | Local heritage book of Seedorf (Polen) | |
| Seifersdorf (Polish: Mściszów) | Seifersdorf, now Mściszów, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located in Lubań County. The area has traces of prehistoric settlement, with evidence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes. By the Middle Ages, it was a Slavic settlement, later influenced by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung. The village was first mentioned in 1271, when it was granted German town law. In the 18th century, it became part of Prussian Silesia, benefiting from agricultural and trade development. The Church of Saint George, built before 1400, remains a key landmark, though now in ruins. After World War II, Mściszów was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, it retains its Silesian heritage, with preserved historic architecture and rural traditions.21 | Local heritage book of Seifersdorf | |
| Straußeney (Polish: Pstrążna) | Straußeney, now Pstrążna, is a historic district of Kudowa-Zdrój, Poland, located in the Table Mountains at an altitude of 500–595 m. The area has traces of prehistoric settlement, with evidence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes. The village was founded by Hussite refugees in 1461, fleeing persecution after the death of Jan Hus. It later became a center for Bohemian Brethren and Evangelical Protestants, suffering repression under Habsburg rule during the Thirty Years’ War. In 1763, it was annexed by Prussia, leading to an influx of Czech Protestant immigrants. The village maintained strong ties with Calvinist communities, including Gęsiniec near Strzelin. After World War II, Pstrążna was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, it is known for its folk museum and preserved rural traditions. | Local heritage book of Straußeney | |
| Strehlen (Polish: Strzelin) | Strehlen, now Strzelin, is a town in Lower Silesia, Poland, with origins reaching back to the Stone Age, as archaeological finds reveal early human settlement. By the 12th century, it was part of the Polish Piast realm, and in 1292, Duke Bolko I the Strict granted it town rights, fortifying it with defensive walls. In the Middle Ages, Strehlen became a center for clothmaking, shoemaking, brewing, and metalworking, though it suffered repeated attacks, including Hussite raids. After the death of the last Piast duke in 1675, the town was absorbed into the Habsburg-ruled Bohemian Kingdom, followed by annexation into Prussia in 1742 under Frederick the Great, who initiated Germanization efforts. The 19th century brought industrial growth, with brick and sugar factories and a railway connection to Wrocław, transforming Strehlen into a regional economic hub. Heavily damaged during World War II, the town was later incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural and administrative identity. Today, Strzelin is known for its granite quarries, including Europe’s deepest, and preserves a blend of medieval heritage and industrial legacy. | Local heritage book of Strehlen (Altlutheraner) | |
| Studzienna | Studzienna, now a district of Racibórz in Poland’s Silesian Voivodeship, is a place where history runs deep—very deep. Archaeological finds reveal that Neanderthals roamed this land as far back as 130,000 years ago, making it one of the oldest known human-inhabited areas in the region. Fast-forward to the early medieval period, and Slavic tribes had settled here, laying the cultural foundations that would shape the village for centuries. First officially mentioned in 1258, Studzienna became part of the Duchy of Opole in the 14th century, before passing through the hands of Bohemian and Habsburg rulers. In 1742, the village was annexed by Prussia, ushering in an era of Germanization and administrative reform. By the 19th century, Studzienna had blossomed into a modest hub of agriculture and trade, closely connected to the bustling town of Ratibor (now Racibórz). A major turning point came in 1936, when Studzienna was officially incorporated into Racibórz, transforming from a rural village into an urban district. After World War II, the region was transferred to Poland, and Studzienna began a new chapter under a different flag. | Local heritage book of Studzienna | |
| Tannenberg | Tannenberg, now part of Poland, carries a deep historical legacy reaching back to the Stone Age, with early Slavic and Germanic tribes settling in the region. In the Middle Ages, it stood as a Slavic stronghold, later transformed by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung. By the 14th century, Tannenberg became part of Bohemia, and in 1526, it entered the realm of the Habsburg monarchy. The First Silesian War in 1742 brought it under Prussian control, reinforcing its German identity. Through the 19th century, it thrived as a modest center for trade and agriculture. FFollowing World War II, Tannenberg was placed within Polish borders, marking a significant shift in its cultural and administrative landscape. | Local heritage book of Wiesau, Tannenberg, and Schubertskrosse | |
| Tarchwitz (Polish: Targowica) | Tarchwitz, now Targowica, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with roots reaching back to its first recorded mention in 1401. Once part of the Duchy of Münsterberg, it became a Prussian possession following the First Silesian War in 1742, aligning it with the broader Germanic sphere of influence. The village featured a herrschaftliches Vorwerk (manorial estate), a Wassermühle (water mill), and a Brennerei (distillery), reflecting its agrarian character and local craftsmanship. These institutions anchored Tarchwitz as a modest but vital part of the rural Silesian landscape. Today, as Targowica, it remains a quiet testament to centuries of shifting borders and layered heritage. | Local heritage book of Alt Heinrichau, Moschwitz, Willwitz, Tarchwitz, Zinkwitz, Ober-Johnsdorf, Raatz | |
| Taschenberg | Taschenberg, now part of Poland, traces its roots to Stone Age settlements, with early Slavic and Germanic tribes shaping its identity. By the Middle Ages, it was a Slavic stronghold, later influenced by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung. It joined Bohemia in the 14th century, came under Habsburg rule in 1526, and was annexed by Prussia in 1742, reinforcing its German character. The village featured farms, mills, and a Catholic parish established in the 18th century. By the 19th century, it was a modest center of trade and agriculture. After World War II, Taschenberg was incorporated into Poland, marking a major cultural and administrative shift. | Local heritage book of Heinrichau, Neuhof, Ranke, Taschenberg und Zesselwitz | |
| Thiergarten (Polish: Zabłocie) | Thiergarten, now Zabłocie, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, nestled in Bolesławiec County. Its roots reach back to prehistoric times, with traces of Slavic and Germanic tribes shaping its early identity. During the Middle Ages, it belonged to the Kingdom of Bohemia, later absorbed into the Habsburg monarchy. Historically tied to Bunzlau (now Bolesławiec), Thiergarten played a role in regional trade and agriculture. In the 18th century, it became part of Prussian Silesia, benefiting from economic reforms and development. After World War II, the village was transferred to Poland and renamed Zabłocie, marking a new chapter in its long and layered history. | Local heritage book of Ottendorf | |
| Trembatschau (Polish: Trębaczów) | Trembatschau, Gross Wartenberg, Breslau, Schlesien, Preussen22 | Trębaczów, historically known as Trembatschau, is a village with deep medieval roots, first recorded in 1232 as Trambachevo and later appearing in the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis in 1305. Originally part of Bohemia, it came under Habsburg rule in the 16th century. The village’s spiritual center, a Catholic church, was rebuilt in 1777, replacing earlier structures. From 1818 to 1920, Trembatschau belonged to the Schlesischer Landkreis Groß Wartenberg in Prussian Silesia, until the Treaty of Versailles transferred it to Poland. In 1921, it had a population of 948, with both Polish and German residents. During World War II, the village was occupied by Germany, but was returned to Poland after the war, marking a significant shift in its national and cultural identity. | Local heritage book of Trembatschau und Fürstlich-Neudorf |
| Trenkau (Polish: Trzebin) | Trenkau, now Trzebin, is a village in Upper Silesia, located near Leobschütz (now Głubczyce) in the Opole Voivodeship, Poland, historically linked to the estate of Pommerswitz (now Pomorzowice). The area bears traces of prehistoric settlement, with archaeological evidence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes inhabiting the region. By the Middle Ages, Trenkau had developed into a Slavic stronghold, later shaped by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung. In the 14th century, it became part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, and in 1526, it passed under Habsburg rule. Following the First Silesian War, Frederick the Great annexed the region into Prussia in 1742, reinforcing its German identity. The village featured agricultural estates, mills, and religious institutions, including a Catholic parish in nearby Pommerswitz. By the 19th century, Trenkau had become an active center for trade and farming, contributing to the local economy. After World War II, the region was transferred to Poland, and the village was renamed Trzebin. | Local heritage book of Alt-Wiendorf, Amaliengrund, Karlsberg, Neu-Wiendorf und Trenkau | |
| Tschirkau (Polish: Cierń) | Tschirkau, now Cierń, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, historically part of Sagan County (now Żagań County). Its origins trace back to a Slavic settlement, later influenced by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung in the High Middle Ages. By the 14th century, Tschirkau was under the Kingdom of Bohemia, and in 1526, it came under Habsburg rule through dynastic succession. Following the First Silesian War, Frederick the Great annexed the region into Prussia in 1742, reinforcing its German identity. The village developed around agricultural estates, mills, and religious institutions, maintaining close ties to the nearby town of Sagan (now Żagań), a regional administrative and cultural center. After World War II, Tschirkau was incorporated into Poland and renamed Cierń, reflecting the broader postwar territorial changes and population shifts. | Local heritage book of Kosel | |
| Ullersdorf am Queis (Polish: Oldrzychow) | Tschirkau, historically part of Sagan County, Lower Silesia, was a Slavic settlement before German colonization during the Ostsiedlung. By the 14th century, it was under Bohemian rule, later passing to the Habsburg monarchy in 1526. In 1742, Frederick the Great annexed it into Prussia, shaping its German identity. The village had agricultural estates, mills, and religious institutions, with connections to Sagan (Żagań). After World War II, it was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural and administrative identity. | Local heritage book of Naumburg am Queis und Umgebung | |
| Waldau (Polish: Wykroty) | Waldau, now Wykroty, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located in Bolesławiec County. The area has traces of prehistoric settlement, with evidence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes. By the Middle Ages, it was part of Bohemia, later coming under Habsburg rule. The village was historically linked to Bunzlau (Bolesławiec), reflecting its role in regional trade and agriculture. In the 18th century, it became part of Prussian Silesia, benefiting from economic development. After World War II, Wykroty was incorporated into Poland. | Local heritage book of Waldau (Landkreis Bunzlau) und Haidewaldau (Landkreis Görlitz) | |
| Warmbrunn (Polish: Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój) | Warmbrunn, Hirschberg, Liegnitz, Schlesien, Preussen2 | Warmbrunn, now Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój, is a historic spa district in Jelenia Góra, located in Lower Silesia, Poland, near the Karkonosze Mountains. Originally part of Prussia, it belonged to the Kreis Hirschberg in the Regierungsbezirk Liegnitz, within the Province of Schlesien. Known for its thermal springs, Warmbrunn developed into a renowned health resort by the 18th century, attracting visitors from across Europe. The town had both Catholic and Protestant parishes and was home to the Fritz Heckert glassworks, which played a role in the Bohemian glass industry. After the war, Warmbrunn was incorporated into Poland and renamed Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój. Today, it is celebrated for its historic spa architecture, therapeutic baths, and scenic location in the Jelenia Góra Valley, continuing its legacy as a center for wellness and culture. | Local heritage book of Bad Warmbrunn |
| Wiendorf, Alt (Polish: Pomorzowiczki) | Alt Wiendorf, now Pomorzowiczki, is a historic village in Upper Silesia, located near Leobschütz (now Głubczyce) in the Opole Voivodeship, Poland. Originally known as Wiendorf, the name Alt Wiendorf came into use after the founding of Neu Wiendorf in 1776. The settlement dates back to the Middle Ages as a Slavic village, later shaped by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung. In the 17th century, the estate was owned by the city of Leobschütz, and in 1612, it was sold to Herr von Stitten of Pommerswitz. Following the Silesian Wars, Frederick the Great annexed the region into Prussia in 1742, reinforcing its German identity. The village featured agricultural estates, mills, and religious institutions, with Graf Thiele-Winckler of Moschen as its last noble owner before World War II. After the war, Alt Wiendorf was incorporated into Poland and renamed Pomorzowiczki, marking a new chapter in its long and layered history. | Local heritage book of Alt-Wiendorf, Amaliengrund, Karlsberg, Neu-Wiendorf und Trenkau | |
| Wiendorf, Neu | Neu Wiendorf, founded in 1776, was a colonial settlement established near Alt Wiendorf (now Pomorzowiczki) in Upper Silesia, Poland. It formed part of the Pommerswitz estate, historically tied to Leobschütz (now Głubczyce), and was settled by German farmers under Prussian land reforms initiated by Frederick the Great. By the 19th century, Neu Wiendorf developed into a productive village with agricultural estates, mills, and small industries, contributing to the local economy. After World War II, the region was transferred to Poland, and the village was renamed, marking its transition into a new national and cultural landscape. | Local heritage book of Alt-Wiendorf, Amaliengrund, Karlsberg, Neu-Wiendorf und Trenkau | |
| Wiesau (Polish: Łąka) | Wiesau, now Łąka, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, formerly located in Prussian Silesia within the Province of Silesia and administratively part of the Regierungsbezirk Oppeln. It was situated near Tannenberg and Schubertskrosse, forming a small cluster of settlements in Neisse County. First mentioned in 1284, Wiesau developed as an agrarian village with strong religious traditions. By 1845, it featured a Catholic church, a school, and several homes, serving as a modest local center for the surrounding rural communities. The village remained under German administration until 1945, when Soviet forces occupied the region during the final stages of World War II. Following the war, Wiesau was transferred to Poland, and its German-speaking population was expelled. The village was officially renamed Łąka, adopting the Polish equivalent of its former name. | Local heritage book of Wiesau, Tannenberg, and Schubertskrosse | |
| Wiesenthal (Polish: Wadachowice) | Wiesenthal, now Wadochowice, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, situated in Ząbkowice Śląskie County. The region bears traces of prehistoric settlement, with archaeological evidence pointing to habitation by early Slavic and Germanic tribes. During the Middle Ages, the village was part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, later falling under Habsburg rule in the 16th century. Wiesenthal held strong ties to Henryków, as it was owned by the Cistercian Monastery there until the secularization of monastic estates in 1810. In the 18th century, following the Silesian Wars, the village became part of Prussian Silesia, benefiting from agricultural and infrastructural development under Prussian administration. After World War II, the region was transferred to Poland, and the village was renamed Wadochowice, marking a new chapter in its long and layered history. | Local heritage book of Wiesenthal, Reumen, and Rätsch | |
| Willwitz (Polish: Wilamowice) | Willwitz, now Wilamowice, is a town in Silesia, Poland, known for its unique Wymysiöeryś language, spoken by the Vilamovians. The town was founded in the 13th century, likely by settlers from the Middle Rhine and Main rivers, though local legends suggest Flemish, Dutch, Frisian, or Anglo-Saxon origins. Initially under Bohemian rule, Wilamowice transitioned to Polish dominion in the 15th century. After the First Partition of Poland in 1772, it fell under Habsburg control, later annexed by Prussia. During World War II, it was occupied by Nazi Germany, and after the war, it was incorporated into Poland, marking a shift in its cultural identity. Today, Wilamowice is known for its efforts to preserve the Wymysiöeryś language, with a dedicated museum and cultural initiatives.24 | Local heritage book of Alt Heinrichau, Moschwitz, Willwitz, Tarchwitz, Zinkwitz, Ober-Johnsdorf, Raatz | |
| Winkeldorf (Polish: Kąty Bystrzyckie) | Winkeldorf, now Kąty Bystrzyckie, is a historic village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located in Kłodzko County. The first recorded mention of the village dates back to 1346, when it was part of the Karpiński estate under King John of Luxembourg. By the 15th century, it had a parish church and a water mill, and was known for its iron ore mining, which peaked in the 16th century. During the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648), the village suffered economic decline due to forced re-Catholicization and military occupation. In 1742, it was annexed by Prussia, leading to agricultural development. After World War II, Winkeldorf was incorporated into Poland.25 | Local heritage book of Winkeldorf | |
| Wittoslawitz (Polish: Witosławice) | Wittoslawitz, Kosel, Oppeln, Schlesien, Preussen | Wittoslawitz, renamed Wiesenstein in 1936, is now known as Witosławice, a village in the Opole Voivodeship of southwestern Poland, formerly part of Upper Silesia in Prussia. Historically under Kreis Kosel in the Oppeln district, it was a rural settlement with around 400 residents. The village was administratively tied to nearby towns like Gnadenfeld and Czienskowitz, and reflected the region’s religious mix of Catholic and Protestant parishes. After World War II, it became part of Poland, and its German-speaking population was replaced by Polish settlers. Today, Witosławice remains a quiet village rooted in Silesia’s layered history. | Local heritage book of Grzendzin |
| Wünschelburg (Polish: Radków) | Wünschelburg, now Radków, is a historic town in Lower Silesia, Poland, near the Czech border. The settlement likely dates back to the 11th century, with early affiliations shifting between Poland and Bohemia. A church was first mentioned in 1290, and the town received municipal rights between 1320 and 1333. By 1373, Radków had a mayor, and in the 15th century, defensive walls were constructed. The town suffered attacks from Hussite troops in 1425 and Hungarian forces in 1469. By the 16th century, it became a center for crafts and brewing, with 85 of 86 houses holding brewing rights. Radków turned Protestant, but later faced Counter-Reformation policies under Habsburg rule. In 1742, it was annexed by Prussia, and in 1790, it attracted visitors like Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. The Wünschelburg sandstone pits supplied materials for notable buildings, including the Berlin Reichstag. After World War II, Radków was incorporated into Poland. Today, it is known for its historic architecture and proximity to the Table Mountains, making it a destination for both history enthusiasts and nature lovers. | Wünschelburg | |
| Zesselwitz (Polish: Czesławice) | Zesselwitz, now Czesławice, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, located near Frankenstein (now Ząbkowice Śląskie). Historically part of the Münsterberg district, it was under Prussian rule until 1945. The village was first recorded in 1885, and by 1939, it had a population of 212. After World War II, Zesselwitz was incorporated into Poland, and its name was changed to Czesławice, reflecting the broader postwar territorial and cultural shifts in the region. | Local heritage book of Heinrichau, Neuhof, Ranke, Taschenberg. and Zesselwitz | |
| Zinkwitz (Polish: Cienkowice) | Zinkwitz, now Cienkowice, is a village in Lower Silesia, Poland, with roots stretching back to prehistoric times, evidenced by the presence of early Slavic and Germanic tribes in the region. By the Middle Ages, it had developed into a Slavic stronghold, later shaped by German colonization during the Ostsiedlung movement. In the 14th century, Zinkwitz became part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, and in 1526, it fell under Habsburg rule following dynastic shifts in Central Europe. After the First Silesian War in 1742, Frederick the Great annexed the area into Prussia, reinforcing its German identity. The village supported a modest economy based on agricultural estates, mills, and religious institutions, serving as a typical rural community within the Silesian landscape. Following World War II, Zinkwitz was incorporated into Poland and renamed Cienkowice, marking a significant cultural and administrative transformation. | Local heritage book of Alt Heinrichau, Moschwitz, Willwitz, Tarchwitz, Zinkwitz, Ober-Johnsdorf, Raatz |
Sources:
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10027028 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/21077033 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10101006 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10107027 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10174111 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10259095 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10272036 ↩︎
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rac%C5%82awice_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10534075 ↩︎
- https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godziesz%C3%B3w ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/10784018 ↩︎
- https://www.online-ofb.de/hussinetz/?lang=en ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/20215037 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/20323042 ↩︎
- https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bystrzyca_G%C3%B3rna
www.meyersgaz.org/place/20501022 ↩︎ - https://www.palaceslaska.pl/index.php/wojewodztwo-dolnoslaskie/powiat-zabkowicki/1148-pomianow-gorny2 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/20434057 ↩︎
- https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bystrzyca_G%C3%B3rna
www.meyersgaz.org/place/20501022 ↩︎ - https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/20549033 ↩︎
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%9Bcisz%C3%B3w ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/20967062 ↩︎
- https://www.meyersgaz.org/place/21077033 ↩︎
- https://muzeum.wilamowice.pl/strona/1376-podstawowe-informacje-o-historii-i-kulturze-wilamowian ↩︎
- https://katybystrzyckie.pl/historia-wsi/ ↩︎
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